SOLER is a nonverbal communication model encouraging active listening through Sitting squarely, an Open posture, Leaning in, maintaining Eye contact, and Relaxing.

The Four Zones of Proxemics defines four personal space zones—intimate, personal, social, and public—that impact communication and comfort levels.

The 7-38-55 Rule suggests that communication impact is divided among words (7%), tone of voice (38%), and body language (55%).

The 4 Ps—Purpose, Picture, Plan, and Part—described in Managing Transitions by William and Susan Bridges, is a framework designed to help leaders guide people through organizational change more effectively. Each of the 4 Ps plays a key role in helping individuals understand and embrace change.

This framework categorizes diversity into four levels: Personality, Internal Dimensions (e.g., race, gender), External Dimensions (e.g., education, work experience), and Organizational Dimensions (e.g., job function, work location).

The Iceberg of Diversity model illustrates that diversity extends beyond visible traits (like race, gender, and age) to include less visible aspects (like education, beliefs, and experiences) that influence an individual’s identity.

The Risk Matrix is a tool for assessing and prioritizing risks by evaluating their likelihood of occurring and their impact on objectives. It helps visualize risks and assists in decision-making by identifying which risks require immediate attention and which are more tolerable.

SWOT Analysis is a strategic planning tool that helps evaluate an organization or project’s internal Strengths and Weaknesses, as well as external Opportunities and Threats. It provides a clear snapshot of current conditions and helps formulate strategies that leverage strengths, address weaknesses, exploit opportunities, and defend against threats.

Self-Efficacy Theory by Albert Bandura proposes that beliefs in one’s capabilities influence motivation, performance, and resilience in facing challenges.

Self-Determination Theory (SDT) posits that optimal human functioning and growth are driven by the fulfillment of three basic psychological needs: autonomy, competence, and relatedness.

The DEAR MAN framework is a structured communication tool from Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) that helps individuals assertively express their needs and set boundaries effectively while maintaining positive relationships.

This is a critical thinking framework which name stands for Recognize assumptions, Evaluate arguments, and Draw conclusions.